"Nicarágua: A Norte de um pais. Meanwhile, in Nicaragua, the FSLN focused on educational work, including literacy classes, and community organizing with the goal of recruiting members. [48], Upon taking office in January 1981, Ronald Reagan cancelled the dispersal of economic aid to Nicaragua,[49] and on 6 August 1981 he signed National Security Decision Directive number 7, which authorized the production and shipment of arms to the region but not their deployment. Nor would the Sandinistas have for so long shown even a feigned interest in a Contadora treaty. The US tried to destroy them. “If the contras were gone, the Sandinistas would not come.” Documentation of Official U.S. The Sandinistas insist that the contras are more nuisance than threat -- but a nuisance, nonetheless, that the government has been unable to eradicate. It was clear [to the U.S. business community] that the Chamorro assassination had changed things dramatically and permanently for the worse. The Sandinistas had gained complete control. He also rediscovered his Catholicism, and just before he was reelected he refused to oppose a complete abortion ban. On March 15, 1982, the Junta declared a state of siege, which allowed it to close independent radio stations, suspend the right of association, and limit the freedom of trade unions. By the end of the 1960s, half the country's population lived in Managua, and the vast majority survived on less than $100/month. The Contras, heavily backed by the CIA, secretly opened a "second front" on Nicaragua's Atlantic coast and Costa Rican border. O. Page 271. At the beginning of the civil war against the socialist Sandinista regime in Nicaragua, two US Presidents secretly funneled funds to help the Contras. [48], In addition to the Contra units who continued to be loyal to Somoza, the FSLN also began to face opposition from members of the ethnic minority groups that inhabited Nicaragua's remote Mosquito Coast region along the Caribbean Sea. Presidenial candidate of the National Opposition Union, Violeta Chamorro (L), declares victory with her vice-president Virgilio Godoy (R) early 26 February 1990. The Somoza regime pocketed much of the foreign aid, provoking widespread protest, particularly among the upper and middle classes. In 2009, the Nicaraguan Supreme Court removed constitutional barriers to Ortega running for another term, and he was reelected in 2011. [34] The Revolution also founded a Ministry of Culture, one of only three in Latin America at the time, and established a new editorial brand, called Editorial Nueva Nicaragua and, based on it, started to print cheap editions of basic books rarely seen by Nicaraguans at all. [39] However, investigations conducted by the United Nations, the Organization of American States and Pax Christi between 1979 and 1983 refuted allegations of anti-Semitism. It is famously stated that Somoza himself owned 1/5 of all profitable land in Nicaragua. Browse 1,093 sandinistas stock photos and images available, or search for contras or nicaragua to find more great stock photos and pictures. Esquipulas II defined a number of measures to promote national reconciliation, an end to hostilities, democratization, free elections, the termination of all assistance to irregular forces, negotiations on arms controls, and assistance to refugees. Made unpopular by the need to fight a long and costly war against the US-backed contras, Sandinistas were unexpectedly voted out of office in elections in … Among what they found: they contended that civilians "disappeared" after their arrest, that "civil and political rights" were suspended, due process was denied detainees, torture of detainees, and "reports of the killing by government forces of those suspected of supporting the contras". The contra war in Nicaragua - Noam Chomsky Noam Chomsky's account of the US-backed “contra” counter-insurgency in Nicaragua against the left-wing government brought to power on the back of a popular mass movement from below. Procedures and provided a timetable for implementation semifeudalist rural economy with few productive goods, such as cotton, and. 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